**Equivalent Fractions:** Fractions that represent the same part of a whole using different numerator and denominator. Example: 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6.
**How to Make Equivalent Fractions:** Multiply or divide both numerator and denominator by the same number. Example: 1/3 × 2/2 = 2/6.
**Comparing with Same Denominator:** Compare the numerators. Larger numerator = larger fraction. Example: 2/5 < 4/5.
**Comparing with Same Numerator:** Larger denominator = smaller fraction. Example: 3/8 < 3/5 because 1/8 piece is smaller than 1/5 piece.
**Important Rule:** To compare fractions from two wholes, the wholes must be the same size.
**Fractions Greater Than 1:** Shows more than one whole. Example: 5/2 = 2 1/2 parathas (2 whole + 1/2).
**Number Line:** Shows fractions from 0 to 1 or beyond. Divide the space into equal parts based on denominator.
**Diagrams to Remember:** Grid shading for visualizing fractions; fraction kit pieces showing equivalent fractions; number lines showing fractions greater than 1.
**Don't Confuse:** Cannot compare 1/2 of big chocolate with 1/3 of small chocolate directly—the wholes are different. Also, in equivalent fractions, you multiply/divide BOTH numerator AND denominator by the same number, not just one.
Q1. Which of these is equivalent to 1/2?
Answer: A — When you multiply both numerator and denominator of 1/2 by 2, you get 2/4, which is equivalent to 1/2.
Q2. Tamanna ate 3/5 of her lunch and her brother ate 2/5. Who ate more?
Answer: B — When denominators are the same, compare numerators; 3/5 has larger numerator than 2/5, so Tamanna ate more.
Q3. How many 1/4 pieces make 1/2?
Answer: B — 1/2 = 2/4, so 2 pieces of 1/4 make 1/2.
Q4. Which fraction is greater: 4/6 or 4/8?
Answer: B — When numerators are same, the fraction with smaller denominator is larger because 1/6 piece is bigger than 1/8 piece.
Q5. Complete the equivalent fraction: 1/3 = ___/9
Answer: C — Multiply numerator and denominator of 1/3 by 3: (1×3)/(3×3) = 3/9.
Q6. If Maa ate 5 pieces of 1/2 paratha, how many parathas did she eat?
Answer: B — 5 pieces of 1/2 = 5/2 = 2 1/2 parathas (2 whole parathas and 1/2 paratha).
Q7. Which pair shows equivalent fractions?
Answer: B — 2/3 × 2/2 = 4/6, so these fractions are equivalent and represent the same shaded part.
Q8. Compare these fractions using < or >: 5/7 _____ 2/7
Answer: B — Same denominator, so compare numerators: 5 > 2, therefore 5/7 > 2/7.
Q9. What is 9/4 written as a mixed number?
Answer: B — 9/4 = 8/4 + 1/4 = 2 wholes + 1/4 = 2 1/4.
Q10. Raman ate 6 pieces of 1/4 paratha. How many parathas did he eat?
Answer: A — 6 pieces of 1/4 = 6/4 = 4/4 + 2/4 = 1 + 1/2 = 1 1/2 parathas.
What are equivalent fractions?
Equivalent fractions represent the same part of a whole but have different numerators and denominators, like 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6.
How do you make equivalent fractions?
Multiply or divide both the numerator and denominator by the same number, like 1/2 × 3/3 = 3/6.
When comparing fractions with same denominator, which is bigger: 3/5 or 2/5?
3/5 is bigger because 3 pieces of 1/5 are more than 2 pieces of 1/5.
When comparing fractions with same numerator, which is bigger: 4/6 or 4/8?
4/6 is bigger because 1/6 piece is larger than 1/8 piece.
What does 5/2 parathas mean?
5/2 means 5 pieces of 1/2 paratha, which equals 2 whole parathas plus 1/2 paratha, written as 2 1/2.
Why can't we compare 1/3 of one chocolate with 1/2 of another chocolate directly?
Because the wholes are different sizes, so the fractions represent different amounts.
How many 1/6 pieces make 1/3?
2 pieces of 1/6 make 1/3 because 1/3 = 2/6.
What fraction is equivalent to 2/5?
4/10 is equivalent to 2/5 because when you multiply both numerator and denominator by 2, you get 4/10.
If you have 9/4 paratha pieces, how many whole parathas is that?
9/4 equals 2 1/4 parathas, which means 2 whole parathas and 1/4 of another paratha.
When the numerators are the same, how do you know which fraction is smaller?
The fraction with the larger denominator is smaller because each piece is smaller, like 3/8 < 3/7.
Are 1/3 and 2/6 equivalent fractions? Write Yes or No. [1 mark]
Check if they show the same shaded part of the whole. Look at visual pictures or multiply 1/3 by 2/2.
Fill in the blank: 1/2 = ___/8. Also, explain how you found the answer. [2 marks]
Multiply both numerator and denominator by the same number. Which number do you need to multiply 2 by to get 8?
Explain with an example why we cannot compare 1/3 of a big chocolate with 1/3 of a small chocolate directly. Use a drawing if needed. [3 marks]
To compare fractions, the wholes must be the same size. Show how the same fraction can be different amounts if the wholes are different.
Dadaji ate 7 pieces of 1/2 paratha. Draw a number line and show 7/2 on it. How many whole parathas did he eat? Write as a mixed number. [5 marks]
Divide the space between 0 and 1 into 2 equal parts. Mark each 1/2. Count up to 7/2. Convert 7/2 to mixed number by dividing: 7÷2 = 3 remainder 1.
True or False: 4/6 is greater than 4/8. Give a reason for your answer. [2 marks]
When numerators are the same, compare the denominators. Which is larger: 1/6 piece or 1/8 piece?
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