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I Cannot Remember My Mother

NCERT Class 9 · English Based on NCERT Class 9 English textbook · Free CBSE study kit

Chapter Notes

**I Cannot Remember My Mother - Tagore**

**Main Idea:** Memory of departed mother lives through senses and emotions, not direct recall.

**Three Stanzas, Three Triggers:**

1. Auditory: Lullaby tune while rocking cradle

2. Olfactory: Shiuli flowers and temple incense in autumn

3. Visual: Mother's gaze reflected in the sky from bedroom window

**Key Literary Devices:**

  • **Refrain:** 'I cannot remember my mother' repeats for emphasis
  • **Symbolism:** Tune, flowers, gaze represent maternal love
  • **Imagery:** Engages smell, hearing, sight extensively
  • **Metaphor:** Gaze spreads over entire sky
  • **Important Words:**

    Hover = linger; Hum = sing with closed lips; Cradle = baby's bed; Shiuli = coral jasmine flower; Gaze = steady look

    **Theme:** Love transcends forgetting; maternal presence eternal through sensory memory and emotional connection.

    MCQs — 10 Questions with Answers

    Q1. Which of the following best describes what the poet means by 'I cannot remember my mother'?

    • A. He has completely forgotten his mother and has no memories of her.
    • B. He cannot recall direct conscious memories, but remembers her through sensory triggers and emotions. ✓
    • C. He refuses to remember his mother because she abandoned him.
    • D. He can only remember his mother when he is sad.

    Answer: B — The poem shows that while direct memories are absent, sensory experiences trigger vivid recollections of maternal presence and love.

    Q2. The tune in the first stanza symbolizes —

    • A. A popular song the poet used to sing.
    • B. The lullaby the mother hummed while rocking the cradle, representing her care. ✓
    • C. A childhood game the poet enjoyed playing.
    • D. Background music from the poet's school days.

    Answer: B — The tune is explicitly described as the song the mother hummed while rocking the cradle, embodying her maternal care and love.

    Q3. What is the setting of the second stanza?

    • A. Indoor, in the poet's bedroom.
    • B. Indoor, in the temple.
    • C. Outdoor, in early autumn morning. ✓
    • D. Outdoor, in the playground.

    Answer: C — The second stanza mentions early autumn morning with the smell of shiuli flowers and temple service, establishing an outdoor setting.

    Q4. Which sense does the poet primarily use in the second stanza to remember his mother?

    • A. Sense of taste.
    • B. Sense of touch.
    • C. Sense of smell (olfactory). ✓
    • D. Sense of hearing.

    Answer: C — The second stanza emphasizes the smell of shiuli flowers and the scent of morning temple service as triggers for memory.

    Q5. The line 'has spread all over the sky' uses which literary device to describe the mother's gaze?

    • A. Simile, comparing gaze to sky.
    • B. Personification, giving human qualities to sky.
    • C. Metaphor and symbolism, representing eternal protective presence. ✓
    • D. Alliteration of the 's' sound.

    Answer: C — The mother's gaze is metaphorically compared to the expansive sky, symbolizing her eternal, all-encompassing protective love.

    Q6. Why does the poet repeat 'I cannot remember my mother' throughout the poem?

    • A. To express anger at his mother.
    • B. To emphasize forgetfulness and create a rhythmic refrain that highlights the paradox. ✓
    • C. To show that memories are unimportant.
    • D. To indicate that he never knew his mother.

    Answer: B — The repetition functions as a refrain, emphasizing the paradox that inability to recall creates stronger emotional and sensory remembrance.

    Q7. What does the word 'hover' suggest in the first stanza? (Negative MCQ: Which is NOT correct?)

    • A. The tune lingers gently and subtly over the poet's playthings.
    • B. The tune remains suspended in the poet's memory without clear form.
    • C. The melody is aggressive and disturbing to the poet. ✓
    • D. The memory floats delicately in the background of consciousness.

    Answer: C — Hover suggests a gentle, subtle presence, not something aggressive or disturbing.

    Q8. According to the poem, when does the poet remember his mother in the third stanza?

    • A. When he plays in the garden.
    • B. When he looks at the blue sky from his bedroom window and feels her protective gaze. ✓
    • C. When he visits the temple in autumn.
    • D. When he hears someone humming a lullaby.

    Answer: B — The third stanza explicitly states the poet remembers his mother when looking into the blue sky from his bedroom window and feeling her gaze.

    Q9. If a student writes 'The poem uses only visual imagery to create memory', evaluate this statement. (HOTS - Scenario-based)

    • A. Correct, the poem only uses sight and visual descriptions.
    • B. Incorrect; the poem uses auditory, olfactory, and visual imagery comprehensively. ✓
    • C. Correct, the gaze and sky are the only important images.
    • D. Partially correct; visual imagery is dominant but other senses are ignored.

    Answer: B — The poem employs multiple senses: auditory (tune/lullaby), olfactory (flowers and incense), and visual (gaze and sky) to create layered sensory memory.

    Q10. What is the central theme of 'I Cannot Remember My Mother'?

    • A. The pain of losing a mother completely.
    • B. How maternal love transcends conscious memory through sensory triggers and emotional presence. ✓
    • C. The poet's inability to love his mother.
    • D. How flowers and songs are more important than family.

    Answer: B — The poem explores the paradox that though direct memories fade, maternal love and presence remain eternally alive through senses and emotions.

    Flashcards

    What does the poet mean by 'I cannot remember my mother'?

    The poet cannot recall clear direct memories of his mother but remembers her presence through sensory triggers and emotional impressions.

    How does the tune symbolize the poet's mother?

    The tune represents the lullaby the mother hummed while rocking the cradle, embodying her care and maternal bond that lingers subconsciously.

    What role does the shiuli flower play in the poem?

    The shiuli flower and the scent of morning temple service trigger the poet's memory of his mother, linking nature to maternal presence.

    Explain the significance of the mother's gaze in the third stanza.

    The mother's gentle gaze represents her protective love that has become so integral to the poet's life that it seems to encompass the entire sky.

    What is a refrain and why does Tagore use it in this poem?

    A refrain is a repeated line; Tagore repeats 'I cannot remember my mother' to emphasize the paradox that inability to recall creates stronger emotional resonance.

    Name three senses used in the poem to remember the mother.

    The poet uses auditory sense (lullaby tune), olfactory sense (shiuli flower and temple incense), and visual sense (mother's gaze in the sky).

    What does hover mean in the context of the first stanza?

    Hover means to linger or float gently over the poet's playthings, suggesting the subtle presence of the mother's memory.

    How does the setting change across the three stanzas?

    Stanza 1 is indoor (playground), Stanza 2 is outdoor (autumn morning), and Stanza 3 is indoor again (bedroom window), showing varied contexts of remembrance.

    What does the title 'I Cannot Remember My Mother' convey?

    The title paradoxically suggests that though direct memories fade, the mother's influence remains alive through sensory experiences and emotional bonds.

    What literary device is used in 'the stillness of my mother's gaze has spread all over the sky'?

    This is metaphor and symbolism where the mother's gaze becomes the vast sky, representing her all-encompassing protective and eternal presence.

    Important Board Questions

    Match the words in Column 1 with their meanings in Column 2: 1. hover - (i) sing with closed lips 2. hum - (ii) small bed for baby 3. cradle - (iii) linger or remain near Write the correct matching. [2 marks]

    Refer to the vocabulary table provided in the Reflect and Respond section. Hover means to float gently, hum is singing soundlessly, cradle is a baby's bed.

    Answer the following based on Stanza 2 of the poem: (a) In which season does the poet remember his mother? (b) Name two things through which he remembers her. (c) What literary device is used to connect the mother's scent with these natural elements? [3 marks]

    The stanza mentions early autumn and uses two specific scents. The poet compares these scents to create a metaphorical connection with his mother.

    Analyze the poem's use of sensory imagery and symbolism. How does Tagore use these devices to convey the theme that maternal love transcends memory? Provide examples from all three stanzas to support your answer. [5 marks]

    Discuss auditory (tune), olfactory (flowers), and visual (gaze) imagery separately. Explain how each symbol represents different aspects of maternal presence and how together they create the paradox of remembering by not remembering.

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