**SHAPES AND PATTERNS QUICK GUIDE**
**Weaving Patterns:**
Base paper is folded, slits cut at equal distances, strips woven alternating under-over. Pattern notation shows direction for each row: Row 1 (1 under, 1 over), Row 2 (1 over, 1 under).
**Tessellation = Shapes fitting perfectly with zero gaps and overlaps:**
✓ Tessellate: Equilateral triangles (6 fit at point), Squares (4 fit), Regular hexagons (3 fit)
✗ Do NOT tessellate: Regular pentagons, Regular octagons
**Triangle Types (by sides):**
**Quadrilateral Types:**
**Diagrams to Remember:** Draw a regular hexagon with 3 hexagons meeting at center point (tessellation), triangle with arc showing equal angles, kite with arrows showing adjacent pairs.
**Don't Confuse:** Isosceles has 2 equal sides; equilateral has 3. Kite's equal sides are adjacent (next to each other); parallelogram's equal sides are opposite (across from each other).
Q1. What does tessellation mean?
Answer: A — Tessellation is when shapes fit perfectly together to cover a surface completely without any gaps between them or overlapping on top of each other.
Q2. Which of these shapes can tessellate?
Answer: C — Equilateral triangles tessellate because six of them fit perfectly around a point with no gaps, but pentagons and octagons leave gaps.
Q3. An isosceles triangle has _____ equal sides.
Answer: B — An isosceles triangle has exactly two equal sides and also two equal angles, making it different from equilateral which has three equal sides.
Q4. How many equilateral triangles fit around a point without gaps?
Answer: C — Six equilateral triangles fit perfectly around a central point with no gaps or overlaps because each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60°, and 6 × 60° = 360°.
Q5. Which shape is a kite?
Answer: B — A kite has two pairs of adjacent equal sides, meaning sides next to each other are equal (sides 1=2 and sides 3=4), not opposite sides.
Q6. A rectangle is a special type of _____ with all right angles.
Answer: C — A rectangle is a special parallelogram because it has opposite sides equal like a parallelogram, but all its angles are 90° right angles.
Q7. In a weaving pattern, if Row 1 is '1 under, 1 over', what should Row 2 be to create an alternating pattern?
Answer: B — Row 2 must reverse the pattern of Row 1 by doing '1 over, 1 under' so that the strips weave over and under alternately to create the interlocking pattern.
Q8. A scalene triangle has _____ equal sides.
Answer: D — A scalene triangle has no equal sides and no equal angles, making it different from isosceles (2 equal sides) and equilateral (3 equal sides).
Q9. Which of these can fit together around a point with no gaps? [Looking at: square, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, regular octagon]
Answer: B — Four squares fit around a point (4 × 90° = 360°) and three regular hexagons fit around a point (3 × 120° = 360°), but pentagons and octagons do not tessellate alone or together.
Q10. In a parallelogram, which sides are equal?
Answer: C — A parallelogram has opposite sides equal, meaning the top and bottom sides are equal to each other, and the left and right sides are equal to each other.
What is tessellation?
Tessellation means shapes fit together perfectly to cover a surface with no gaps or overlaps.
Which shape tessellates: regular pentagon or regular triangle?
Regular triangles tessellate because they fit around a point with no gaps, but regular pentagons do not.
What is an equilateral triangle?
An equilateral triangle is a triangle with all three sides equal and all three angles equal.
What is an isosceles triangle?
An isosceles triangle is a triangle with exactly two equal sides and two equal angles.
What is a scalene triangle?
A scalene triangle is a triangle with no equal sides and no equal angles.
What is a kite in geometry?
A kite is a quadrilateral with two pairs of adjacent equal sides.
What is a parallelogram?
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral where opposite sides are equal and opposite angles are equal.
What is a rectangle?
A rectangle is a special parallelogram with all angles as right angles and opposite sides equal.
In weaving pattern Row 1: 1 under, 1 over, what comes in Row 2?
In Row 2, the pattern reverses: 1 over, 1 under, repeating to create an alternating weave.
How many regular triangles fit around a point?
Six equilateral triangles fit perfectly around a point with no gaps or overlaps.
What is tessellation? Give one example from daily life. [1 mark]
Tessellation means shapes fit with no gaps or overlaps. Think of floor tiles, ceiling patterns, or basket weaving at home.
Draw and label an equilateral triangle and an isosceles triangle. How are they different? [2 marks]
Equilateral has 3 equal sides and 3 equal angles. Isosceles has only 2 equal sides and 2 equal angles. Show this with your drawings and mark the equal sides.
Explain with an example how a weaving pattern works. Write the pattern for two rows. [3 marks]
Describe how strips go under and over in alternating rows. Row 1 goes 1 under, 1 over; Row 2 reverses to 1 over, 1 under. Show this pattern repeats to create the final woven design.
A kite and a parallelogram are both quadrilaterals with some equal sides. Explain how their equal sides are different. Draw both shapes and mark the equal sides. [5 marks]
In a kite, equal sides are adjacent (next to each other): sides 1=2 and sides 3=4. In a parallelogram, equal sides are opposite (across from each other): top=bottom and left=right. Draw both clearly and label or colour the equal pairs differently.
True or False: A rectangle is a special type of parallelogram. Give a reason for your answer. [2 marks]
A rectangle has all the properties of a parallelogram (opposite sides equal, opposite angles equal) PLUS all angles are 90° right angles, making it special.
Practice with interactive flashcards, mind maps, upload your own chapters and get AI study kits instantly
Try StudyOS Free →