**Pictograph:** Uses icons/pictures to show data. Each icon represents a set number (scale).
**Scale Examples:** = 5 toys, = 3 two-wheelers, = 1 hour
**How to Read a Pictograph:** Count icons → multiply by scale number → add for totals.
Example: 2 icons with scale 1 = 5 means 2 × 5 = 10 items.
**Bar Graph:** Vertical bars of different heights show amounts. Height of bar = the number.
**How to Read a Bar Graph:** Match bar height to numbers on vertical axis (left side).
Example: If bar reaches 6, that activity = 6 hours.
**Data:** Collected information (counts, measurements, observations) we organize to compare and understand.
**Why We Use Scales:** Large numbers (like 50 toys) are hard to draw as 50 pictures. Scale (1 = 5) means 10 pictures instead.
**Comparing Data:** Pictographs and bar graphs make it easy to see which item has more or less.
**Don't Confuse:** Pictograph = pictures; Bar graph = bars. Both show the same data differently.
**Always Label:** Write the scale clearly so others understand what each picture or bar means.
Q1. In Joseph Uncle's toy shop, he used one picture to show 5 toys. If there are 3 pictures for toys, how many toys are there?
Answer: B — With a scale of 1 picture = 5 toys, 3 pictures means 3 × 5 = 15 toys.
Q2. Deepti used one icon to show 3 two-wheelers. If she drew 4 icons for Monday, how many two-wheelers passed on Monday?
Answer: B — With a scale of 1 icon = 3 two-wheelers, 4 icons means 4 × 3 = 12 two-wheelers.
Q3. What does a scale in a pictograph tell you?
Answer: B — A scale shows what each icon or picture means, like 1 picture = 5 items.
Q4. In a bar graph showing daily routines, Raman's bar for sleeping reaches 8 hours and Sheela's reaches 6 hours. Who sleeps more?
Answer: B — The height of the bar shows the number; Raman's bar is taller (8 > 6), so he sleeps more.
Q5. Which of the following is the main reason Joseph Uncle used a scale in his pictograph?
Answer: B — A scale reduces the number of pictures needed when showing large quantities like 100+ items.
Q6. In a pictograph, a half icon always represents ___.
Answer: C — A half icon shows half the scale value. If one full icon = 6 items, a half icon = 3 items.
Q7. In Sheela's bar graph of daily activities, the bar for 'studying' is shorter than the bar for 'sleeping.' What does this mean?
Answer: B — In a bar graph, bar height directly shows the amount; shorter bar = smaller number of hours.
Q8. If food wastage data shows Sandwich wasted 8 kg and Idli-Sambar wasted 2 kg, which food was wasted the most?
Answer: B — Sandwich shows 8 kg > 2 kg of Idli-Sambar, so Sandwich had the most wastage.
Q9. Look at this pictograph scale: = 1 hour. If Raman's sleeping time shows 8 pictures, how many hours does he sleep?
Answer: B — With scale 1 picture = 1 hour, 8 pictures means 8 × 1 = 8 hours of sleep.
Q10. What is the main difference between a pictograph and a bar graph?
Answer: B — The key difference is the visual representation: pictographs use icons while bar graphs use rectangular bars of different heights.
What is a pictograph?
A pictograph uses pictures or icons to show data in a way that is easy to understand and compare.
What does a scale mean in a pictograph?
A scale tells you what each icon represents, like one picture might mean 5 toys or 3 two-wheelers.
Why do we use a scale in pictographs?
A scale helps us show large numbers using fewer pictures, making the pictograph simple and clear.
What is a bar graph?
A bar graph uses vertical bars of different heights to show and compare amounts of different things.
How do you read a bar graph?
Look at the height of each bar and match it to the numbers on the vertical line to find the amount.
What is data?
Data is information we collect, count, or record, like how many children watch TV or how many toys are in a shop.
When should you use a pictograph instead of a bar graph?
Use a pictograph when you want a picture-based, fun way to show data; use a bar graph for more precise numbers.
What does a scale of 1 picture = 5 items mean?
Each picture or icon you draw stands for 5 real items, so 2 pictures mean 10 items.
How do you find the total using a pictograph with a scale?
Count the pictures for each item, multiply by the scale number, then add all the totals together.
What information do the axes of a bar graph show?
The horizontal axis shows the categories or names of items, and the vertical axis shows the numbers or amounts.
What is a scale in a pictograph? Give one example. [1 mark]
A scale shows what each picture represents. Example: 1 picture = 5 toys means one icon stands for 5 actual toys.
Joseph Uncle has 4 pictures of toys with a scale of 1 picture = 5 toys. How many toys does he have in total? [2 marks]
Multiply the number of pictures by the scale: 4 pictures × 5 toys per picture = total toys. Show your working.
Deepti recorded two-wheelers for three days using a pictograph with scale 1 icon = 3 two-wheelers. If Monday has 5 icons, Wednesday has 3 icons, and Friday has 6 icons, how many total two-wheelers did she record? Explain your steps. [3 marks]
For each day, multiply icons by 3. Then add all three totals together. Step 1: Find each day's count; Step 2: Add them all.
Raman and Sheela recorded their daily routines using a pictograph and a bar graph. Explain how they are different ways of showing the same information. Which method do you think is better for comparing sleeping hours and why? [5 marks]
Pictograph uses pictures with a scale; bar graph uses vertical bars with height showing numbers. For comparing exact hours, bar graphs show numbers more clearly because you read them directly from the vertical axis without multiplication.
True or False: If a pictograph uses a scale of 1 picture = 4 items, then 3 pictures represent 7 items. Explain your answer with correct working. [2 marks]
This is FALSE. Show that 3 × 4 = 12 items, not 7. Always multiply the number of pictures by the scale number.
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