**River Journey Overview**
River = flowing water from mountains to sea
Tributaries = small streams joining the main river
Perennial river = flows all year
Seasonal river = flows only during rain
Delta = river branches at the sea
Reservoir = water stored behind a dam
**Godavari River Facts**
**How Rivers Help People**
**River Pollution Problems**
**Dam Impact**
**Diagrams to Remember**
River path: mountain → streams join → tributaries → wider river → delta at sea
Dam structure: river blocked → water held back → reservoir forms
**Don't Confuse**
Perennial (always has water) ≠ Seasonal (only monsoon water)
Tributaries (join the river) ≠ Delta (river spreads at end)
Clean-looking water ≠ clean water inside (may have hidden pollution)
Q1. Where does the Godavari river begin its journey?
Answer: A — The chapter clearly states that Godavari's journey begins high up in the Western Ghats at Trimbakeshwar in Maharashtra.
Q2. What is a tributary?
Answer: B — The chapter defines tributaries as small streams joining the main river that make it wider and stronger as the journey continues.
Q3. How long is the Godavari river?
Answer: C — The chapter states that Godavari travels 1,465 kilometres before joining the Bay of Bengal.
Q4. Which of the following is a perennial river?
Answer: B — The chapter explains that a perennial river flows all year round, while seasonal rivers flow only when receiving water in the rainy season.
Q5. What is a delta?
Answer: C — The chapter states that when Godavari reaches the sea, it spreads out into many small streams that form a delta, like the Coringa Mangrove Forests.
Q6. What is a dam and why do people build it?
Answer: B — The chapter explains that a dam is like a giant wall that blocks a river's flow and stores water in a reservoir for many uses including drinking, farming, and electricity.
Q7. When you open a tap at home and water comes out, where does that water likely come from?
Answer: B — The chapter states that water for all houses comes from rivers; it is carried in pipes and canals and shared by many through dams and water storage.
Q8. What problem occurs when too much fertiliser from farms washes into a river?
Answer: B — The chapter explains that fertilisers make plants grow very fast until they cover the surface like a 'green blanket', choking life inside and making water unsafe.
Q9. In the experiment with two glasses of water, sugar and oil were added. Which substance dissolved in water?
Answer: B — The chapter's Activity 3 shows that sugar dissolves in water (like salt and some chemicals), while oil does not dissolve; this shows why some pollutants hide in water.
Q10. What is the greatest problem that occurs after a dam is built on a river?
Answer: C — The chapter clearly states that while dams help store water for use, they also flood land that was once home to animals and people, forcing many to leave their homes.
What is a river?
A river is a large flowing body of water that travels from mountains or highlands to the sea.
What are tributaries?
Tributaries are small streams that join a main river and make it wider and stronger.
What is a perennial river?
A perennial river is one that flows all year round, never drying up completely.
Name the river mentioned in this chapter.
The river is Godavari, which is the second longest river in India.
What is a delta?
A delta is where a river spreads out into many small streams as it reaches and meets the sea.
What is a dam?
A dam is a giant wall built across a river to block its flow and store water in a large body called a reservoir.
How does a river help people?
Rivers provide water for drinking, cooking, washing, growing crops, making electricity, and supporting jobs like fishing.
What is the green blanket problem in rivers?
When too much fertiliser washes into a river, plants grow so fast they cover the water surface, making it hard for fish to breathe.
Why is river pollution dangerous even when water looks clean?
Harmful chemicals and dirty soapy water can hide in rivers; some things that pollute do not dissolve, so the river looks clean but is actually unsafe.
What happens to people when a dam is built across a river?
Lands get flooded, forests are destroyed, and many people and animals have to leave their homes and move elsewhere.
What is the Godavari river also called and why? [1 mark]
Look for the name given to Godavari in the beginning section. The reason is related to where it flows and why people consider it sacred.
Name two ways in which rivers help people in their daily life. [2 marks]
Think about what you use water for at home and in farms. The chapter lists drinking, cooking, washing, farming, and electricity generation.
Explain what happens to the river and the people living near it when a dam is built. Give one example. [3 marks]
A dam blocks a river and stores water in a reservoir. This helps many people but also floods land and forces people to move. Think about what animals and forests face.
Describe three problems that river pollution causes and explain how people can help reduce river pollution. Draw and label a simple diagram showing a clean river with its wildlife. [5 marks]
Pollution problems include: plastic and waste harm animals; chemicals hide in water making it unsafe; fertilisers create a green blanket that stops fish breathing. Solutions: use eco-friendly products, reduce waste, keep rivers clean. Draw a river with fish, birds, trees, and clean water.
True or False: A seasonal river flows all year round like Godavari. Give a reason for your answer. [2 marks]
Read the section about perennial and seasonal rivers. A seasonal river only flows when it receives water in the rainy season; a perennial river flows all year.
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