When a partner retires or dies, the **existing partnership deed comes to an end** and a **new partnership deed must be framed** among the remaining partners on changed terms and conditions. The accounting treatment is **similar for both retirement and death** because in both cases:
---
The total amount due to a retiring partner (or to legal representatives/executors in case of death) comprises:
**Additions to Partner's Claim:**
**Deductions from Partner's Claim:**
The **net amount due** is settled by:
---
**Definition:** The ratio in which remaining partners will share **future profits after retirement/death** of any partner.
**Formula:**
New Share of Continuing Partner = Old Share + Share Acquired from Retiring/Deceased Partner
When **no specific information** is provided, it is **assumed that continuing partners acquire the retiring partner's share in their old ratio among themselves**. In this case:
**Example:** If Asha, Deepti, and Nisha share profits in ratio 3:2:1, and Deepti retires, the new ratio between Asha and Nisha is **3:1** (their old ratio).
When continuing partners acquire the retiring partner's share in a **proportion different from their old ratio**, the new profit sharing ratio must be calculated step-by-step:
**Step 1:** Identify the old profit sharing ratio of all partners
**Step 2:** Identify the gaining ratio (ratio in which share is acquired)
**Step 3:** Calculate share acquired by each continuing partner = (Gaining Ratio) × (Retiring Partner's Old Share)
**Step 4:** Calculate new share = Old Share + Acquired Share
**Step 5:** Express new shares in simplified form
**Worked Example:**
Naveen, Suresh, and Tarun share profits in ratio 5:3:2. Suresh retires and Naveen and Tarun acquire his share in ratio 2:1.
Suresh's old share = 3/10
Share acquired by Naveen = (2/3) × (3/10) = 6/30 = 1/5
Share acquired by Tarun = (1/3) × (3/10) = 3/30 = 1/10
Naveen's new share = 5/10 + 6/30 = 15/30 + 6/30 = 21/30 = 7/10
Tarun's new share = 2/10 + 3/30 = 6/30 + 3/30 = 9/30 = 3/10
**New profit sharing ratio = 7:3**
If continuing partners **agree on a specific new profit sharing ratio** (e.g., 5:4), that ratio is adopted directly without calculation.
---
**Definition:** The ratio in which continuing partners have **acquired the share from the retiring/deceased partner**.
**Calculation Needed Only When:**
**Formula for Gaining Ratio:**
**Gaining Share of Continuing Partner = New Share – Old Share**
**Key Points:**
**Worked Example:**
Amit, Dinesh, and Gagan share profits in ratio 5:3:2. Dinesh retires. Amit and Gagan decide new ratio as 3:2.
Old ratios: Amit = 5/10, Gagan = 2/10
New ratios: Amit = 3/5, Gagan = 2/5
Converting to common denominator (10): Amit = 6/10, Gagan = 4/10
Amit's gaining share = 6/10 – 5/10 = 1/10
Gagan's gaining share = 4/10 – 2/10 = 2/10
**Gaining ratio = 1:2**
---
| **Aspect** | **Gaining Ratio** | **Sacrificing Ratio** |
|---|---|---|
| **Meaning** | Ratio in which continuing partners acquire retiring partner's share | Ratio in which old partners surrender their share (at admission) |
| **Effect on Share** | Continuing partner's share **increases** in future | Old partner's share **decreases** upon new partner's admission |
| **Calculation** | New Share – Old Share (at retirement/death) | Old Share – New Share (at admission) |
| **When to Calculate** | When new profit sharing ratio is specified at retirement/death | When new profit sharing ratio is specified at admission |
| **Formula** | Gaining Share = (New Ratio – Old Ratio) | Sacrificing Share = (Old Ratio – New Ratio) |
---
**Principle:** The retiring or deceased partner is **entitled to share of goodwill** because it was earned by collective efforts of all existing partners over time. **Continuing partners (who gain) must compensate the retiring partner for their share of goodwill.**
**Who Compensates:** Continuing partners compensate in their **gaining ratio** (not equally).
**Process:**
**Journal Entry Format:**
```
Continuing Partner A's Capital A/c Dr. (Amount in gaining ratio)
Continuing Partner B's Capital A/c Dr. (Amount in gaining ratio)
To Retiring Partner's Capital A/c (Total goodwill share)
```
**Calculation:**
Retiring Partner's Share of Goodwill = (Retiring Partner's Old Ratio) × (Total Goodwill Value)
Amount Debited to Each Continuing Partner = (Their Gaining Ratio) × (Retiring Partner's Goodwill Share)
**Worked Example:**
A, B, C share profits in ratio 3:2:1. B retires. Goodwill valued at Rs. 60,000. A and C continue in ratio 3:1.
B's share of goodwill = (2/6) × 60,000 = Rs. 20,000
Gaining ratio (A:C) = 3:1
Amount to A = (3/4) × 20,000 = Rs. 15,000
Amount to C = (1/4) × 20,000 = Rs. 5,000
**Journal Entry:**
```
A's Capital A/c Dr. 15,000
C's Capital A/c Dr. 5,000
To B's Capital A/c 20,000
```
**Scenario:** As a result of the new profit sharing ratio decision, a continuing partner may **sacrifice part of their future share** (i.e., their new share < old share). This partner:
**Example (Illustration 8):**
Deepa, Neeru, Shilpa share 5:3:2. Neeru retires. New ratio becomes 2:3 (Deepa and Shilpa).
Old ratio: Deepa = 5/10, Shilpa = 2/10
New ratio: Deepa = 2/5 = 4/10, Shilpa = 3/5 = 6/10
Deepa sacrifices = 4/10 – 5/10 = –1/10 (sacrifice of 1/10)
Shilpa gains = 6/10 – 2/10 = 4/10
Goodwill = Rs. 1,20,000
Neeru's share = (3/10) × 1,20,000 = Rs. 36,000
Deepa's sacrifice = (1/10) × 1,20,000 = Rs. 12,000
**Journal Entry:**
```
Shilpa's Capital A/c Dr. 48,000
To Neeru's Capital A/c 36,000
To Deepa's Capital A/c 12,000
```
(Shilpa compensates Neeru for goodwill and Deepa for sacrifice)
**Step 1:** **Write off existing goodwill** in the **old profit sharing ratio** (all partners contribute equally):
```
All Partners' Capital A/c (old ratio) Dr.
To Goodwill A/c
```
**Step 2:** **Credit retiring partner** with new goodwill valuation in **gaining ratio** (as if goodwill were being created):
```
Continuing Partners' Capital A/c (gaining ratio) Dr.
To Retiring Partner's Capital A/c
```
**Net Effect:** Retiring partner receives full credit for goodwill at new valuation; continuing partners net benefit is only the gain in their capital accounts.
**Worked Example (Illustration 9):**
Hanny, Pammy, Sunny share 3:2:1. Goodwill on books = Rs. 60,000. Pammy retires. New goodwill value = Rs. 84,000. New ratio (Hanny:Sunny) = 2:1.
**Step 1 - Write off existing goodwill:**
```
Hanny's Capital A/c Dr. 30,000 (3/6 × 60,000)
Pammy's Capital A/c Dr. 20,000 (2/6 × 60,000)
Sunny's Capital A/c Dr. 10,000 (1/6 × 60,000)
To Goodwill A/c 60,000
```
**Step 2 - Adjust new goodwill:**
Pammy's share of new goodwill = (1/3) × 84,000 = Rs. 28,000
Gaining ratio (Hanny:Sunny) = 1:1 (both gain equally as new ratio is 2:1, old was 3:1 and 1:1)
```
Hanny's Capital A/c Dr. 14,000
Sunny's Capital A/c Dr. 14,000
To Pammy's Capital A/c 28,000
```
---
**Scenario:** Sometimes retiring partners are settled a **lump sum that includes goodwill** without explicitly opening a Goodwill Account.
**Definition of Hidden Goodwill:** When the amount paid to retiring partner **exceeds the balance in their capital account + other adjustments**, the **excess represents goodwill** paid on a hidden basis.
**Calculation Process:**
1. Calculate: **Implied Goodwill of Firm = (Settlement Amount – Adjusted Capital of Retiring Partner) × (Old Partnership Ratio / Retiring Partner's Share)**
2. Retiring partner's implied share = Settlement Amount – Adjusted Capital
3. Total implied goodwill = (Retiring Partner's Share) ÷ (Retiring Partner's Old Ratio)
**Accounting Treatment:**
**Journal Entry:**
```
Retiring Partner's Capital A/c Dr. (Implied goodwill)
To Continuing Partners' Capital A/c (old ratio)
```
**Worked Example:**
A, B, C share profits 3:2:1. C retires. Balance sheet shows: A capital = 30,000; B capital = 20,000; C capital = 10,000. C is paid Rs. 14,000 in settlement (cash payment includes hidden goodwill).
C's adjusted capital = 10,000 (no revaluation assumed)
Amount paid = 14,000
Hidden goodwill component = 14,000 – 10,000 = 4,000
This Rs. 4,000 is C's share of goodwill. If C's ratio is 1/6, total goodwill = 4,000 × (6/1) = Rs. 24,000
**Journal Entry (to adjust capital accounts for hidden goodwill):**
```
A's Capital A/c Dr. 12,000 (3/6 × 24,000)
B's Capital A/c Dr. 8,000 (2/6 × 24,000)
To C's Capital A/c 20,000 (Goodwill – already paid via settlement)
```
---
**Purpose:** To adjust the firm's asset and liability values to **current market values** as on the date of retirement/death.
**Process:**
1. **Prepare Revaluation Account** (similar to admission)
2. Record **gains and losses** on revaluation
3. Distribute **gain or loss** in **old profit sharing ratio** (all partners share as their contribution was joint)
4. Pass entries to **increase/decrease asset and liability values** on the balance sheet
**Revaluation Account Format:**
```
REVALUATION ACCOUNT
Dr. Side Cr. Side
Decrease in assets XXX Increase in assets XXX
Increase in liabilities XXX Decrease in liabilities XXX
Loss on revaluation XXX Gain on revaluation XXX
(Net loss) (Net gain)
Total assets decreased Total gain transferred
& liabilities increased to capitals (old ratio)
```
**Journal Entries:**
```
1. Revaluation A/c Dr. (Decrease in asset value)
Asset A/c (Cr. side)
2. Liability A/c Dr. (Decrease in liability)
Revaluation A/c (Cr. side)
3. Revaluation A/c Dr. (Increase in liability)
Liability A/c (Cr. side)
4. Asset A/c Dr. (Increase in asset value)
Revaluation A/c (Cr. side)
5. Revaluation A/c Dr. (Closing - if loss)
All Partners' Capital A/c (old ratio) (Dr. side)
OR
All Partners' Capital A/c (old ratio) Dr.
To Revaluation A/c (Closing - if gain)
```
**Key Point:** Unlike admission (where new partner shares in gain/loss from the date of admission onward), at **retirement/death, gains/losses are shared in the OLD ratio** because they represent the result of past collective efforts.
---
**Scenario:** The firm may have **unrecorded/hidden assets** (e.g., investments not on books, cash hidden) or **unrecorded liabilities** (e.g., pending bills, contingent liabilities).
**Process:**
1. Identify unrecorded items from the problem statement
2. Bring them into account via **Revaluation Account**
3. Adjust their values via journal entries (as if they were recorded assets/liabilities)
4. Distribute gains/losses in **old profit sharing ratio**
**Example:**
If an investment of Rs. 5,000 (unrecorded) is now valued at Rs. 6,000, the gain of Rs. 1,000 is credited to Revaluation Account and distributed to all partners' capitals in their old ratio.
---
**Items Included:**
**Distribution Rule:** Distributed in the **OLD profit sharing ratio** because they represent the result of past efforts by all partners.
**Journal Entry:**
```
General Reserve A/c (or other reserve) Dr.
To All Partners' Capital A/c (old ratio)
(Accumulated reserves distributed among partners)
```
**Key Point:**
---
**Scenario:** A partner retiring or dying during the financial year is **entitled to profit earned up to the date of exit**, not for the full year.
**Method of Calculation:**
**Option 1 – Simple Proportionate Method (Most Common):**
```
Share of Profit up to Date of Exit = (Profit for full year) × (Retiring Partner's Ratio) × (No. of days up to exit / 365 days)
```
**Option 2 – On Capital and Drawings Basis:**
If capital and drawings information is given, profit can be calculated as:
```
Profit = Closing Capital + Drawings – Opening Capital – Capital Introduction
(Adjusted for other changes)
```
**Journal Entry:**
```
Profit & Loss A/c (or P&L Appropriation A/c) Dr. (Retiring Partner's Share)
To Retiring Partner's Capital A/c
(Share of profit up to the date of retirement)
```
**Key Points:**
---
**Scenario:** After all adjustments (goodwill, revaluation, accumulated reserves, profit share), the **retiring partner's capital may differ from the amount actually settled**.
**Types of Capital Adjustments:**
If the problem specifies that capitals should be **proportionate to new profit sharing ratio**, the following steps are taken:
**Step 1:** Calculate total capital of continuing partners after all adjustments
**Step 2:** Calculate **proportionate capital** for each continuing partner based on new ratio
**Step 3:** Adjust each partner's capital to the proportionate amount
**Step 4:** Book the difference as adjustment (Debit/Credit to capital)
**Example:**
If Hanny and Sunny have new ratio 2:1, and combined capital is Rs. 60,000:
---
**Total Claim = Capital Account (after all adjustments) + Current Account Balance**
**1. Payment in Lump Sum:**
**2. Payment in Installments:**
**3. Adjustment Against Firm's Assets:**
**4. Payment Through Life Insurance Policy:**
If settlement is through installments, a **Retiring Partner's Loan Account** is opened:
**Journal Entry (Upon Retirement):**
```
Retiring Partner's Capital A/c Dr. (Outstanding balance)
To Retiring Partner's Loan A/c (Amount due)
(Conversion of capital to loan)
```
**Journal Entry (Upon Payment of Installment):**
```
Retiring Partner's Loan A/c Dr. (Installment amount)
To Cash/Bank A/c (Payment made)
(Payment of agreed installment)
```
**If Interest is Charged:**
```
Retiring Partner's Loan A/c Dr. (Interest for period)
To Interest on Loan A/c
(Interest accrued on outstanding loan)
```
---
When a partner **dies**, their legal heirs/executors are entitled to the partner's claim. An **Executor's Account** is prepared to track amounts due to/received by the deceased partner's estate.
**Format of Executor's Account:**
```
EXECUTOR'S ACCOUNT
Dr. Side (Amounts Due to Executor) Cr. Side (Amounts Received/Payable)
By Bank (Installment paid) XXX To Deceased Partner's
Capital A/c XXX
By Closing Balance XXX To Interest on Capital XXX
(If not fully settled) To Salary/Commission XXX
To Share of Profits XXX
To Share of Goodwill XXX
Total XXX Total XXX
```
**Key Points:**
**Journal Entries Related to Executor:**
```
1. On Death (Computing Amount Due):
Deceased Partner's Capital A/c Dr. (Old balance)
Revaluation A/c (gain/loss) Dr./Cr.
General Reserve, etc. (share) Dr.
P&L A/c (share of profit) Dr.
To Executor's A/c (Total claim)
2. On Payment of Installment:
Executor's A/c Dr. (Installment amount)
To Cash/Bank A/c (Payment made)
3. On Interest (if applicable):
Interest A/c Dr.
To Executor's A/c (Interest accrued)
```
---
After all adjustments and settlement of the retiring/deceased partner's claim, a **new Balance Sheet is prepared** showing:
**Assets Side:**
**Liabilities and Equity Side:**
**Format:**
```
BALANCE SHEET
As on [Date of Reconstitution]
EQUITY & LIABILITIES ASSETS
Partners' Capital A/c: Fixed Assets:
Partner A XXX [Revalued] XXX
Partner B XXX Current Assets:
Total Capital XXX [Adjusted] XXX
Non-Current Liab. XXX
Current Liabilities XXX
Retiring Partner's
Loan A/c XXX
----- -----
Total XXXXX Total XXXXX
```
---
| **Aspect** | **Retirement** | **Death** |
|---|---|---|
| **Settlement Mechanism** | Retiring Partner's Loan A/c (if deferred) | Executor's A/c or Deceased Partner's Loan A/c |
| **Claim Process** | Partner negotiates terms | Legal heirs/Executors claim |
| **Interest on Outstanding** | As per agreement | Usually at prescribed rate (if any) |
| **Insurance Policy** | Not usually involved | JLP proceeds settle claim |
| **Balance Sheet Presentation** | Retiring Partner's Loan as liability | Executor's A/c as liability |
| **Continuation** | Retiring partner leaves; others continue | All others continue; deceased's share ends |
---
**Problem:**
Raja, Sumer, and Tina are partners sharing profits in ratio 5:3:2. On 31st December, their capitals were: Raja Rs. 50,000; Sumer Rs. 30,000; Tina Rs. 20,000. Sumer retires on this date.
The following adjustments are needed:
**Solution:**
**Step 1: Goodwill Adjustment**
Sumer's share of goodwill = (3/10) × 40,000 = Rs. 12,000
Gaining ratio: Raja = 2/3, Tina = 1/3
```
Raja's Capital A/c Dr. 8,000 (2/3 × 12,000)
Tina's Capital A/c Dr. 4,000 (1/3 × 12,000)
To Sumer's Capital A/c 12,000
```
**Step 2: Revaluation of Stock**
Loss on stock = Rs. 8,000 – 7,500 = Rs. 500
Distributed in old ratio (5:3:2):
```
Revaluation A/c Dr. 500
To Stock A/c 500
Raja's Capital A/c Dr. 250 (5/10 × 500)
Sumer's Capital A/c Dr. 150 (3/10 × 500)
Tina's Capital A/c Dr. 100 (2/10 × 500)
To Revaluation A/c 500
```
**Step 3: Distribution of General Reserve**
```
General Reserve A/c Dr. 6,000
To Raja's Capital A/c 3,000 (5/10)
To Sumer's Capital A/c 1,800 (3/10)
To Tina's Capital A/c 1,200 (2/10)
```
**Step 4: Sumer's Capital Account After Adjustments**
Original Capital = Rs. 30,000
Add: Share of General Reserve = Rs. 1,800
Less: Goodwill Compensation = Rs. (12,000)
Less: Share of Revaluation Loss = Rs. (150)
**Amount Due to Sumer = Rs. 19,650**
**Step 5: Settlement of Sumer's Claim**
```
Sumer's Capital A/c Dr. 19,650
To Cash A/c 10,000
To Sumer's Loan A/c 9,650
(Settlement by cash and loan)
```
**Step 6: Balance Sheet After Reconstitution (Continuing Partners Only)**
```
BALANCE SHEET
As on 31st Dec
(After Sumer's Retirement)
EQUITY & LIABILITIES ASSETS
Partners' Capital: Fixed Assets:
Raja Rs. 60,750 (50,000+8,000+3,000-250)
Tina Rs. 24,100 (20,000+4,000+1,200-100)
Total: Rs. 84,850
Sumer's Loan A/c Rs. 9,650 Current Assets:
Stock Rs. 7,500
(Revalued)
Other CA Rs. 86,000
Total Rs. 94,500 Total Rs. 94,500
```
---
**Key Formulas to Remember:**
**Common Board Exam Questions:**
1. Calculate new profit sharing ratio and gaining ratio
2. Record goodwill adjustment entries
3. Prepare Revaluation Account and distribute gains/losses
4. Calculate total amount due to retiring partner
5. Record settlement through loan account with interest
6. Prepare Executor's Account (in case of death)
7. Prepare post-reconstitution Balance Sheet
8. Identify hidden goodwill and adjust partner capitals
**Critical Points:**
Q1. Asha, Deepti and Nisha are partners sharing profits in the ratio 3:2:1. If Deepti retires and no information is given about profit sharing, what will be the new profit sharing ratio between Asha and Nisha?
Answer: A — In the absence of any information, continuing partners acquire the retiring partner's share in their old profit sharing ratio; thus Asha and Nisha continue in their old ratio of 3:1.
Q2. Naveen, Suresh and Tarun share profits in ratio 5:3:2. Suresh retires and his share (3/10) is acquired by Naveen and Tarun in ratio 2:1. What is the new profit sharing ratio?
Answer: A — Naveen's new share = 5/10 + (2/3 of 3/10) = 5/10 + 2/10 = 7/10; Tarun's new share = 2/10 + (1/3 of 3/10) = 2/10 + 1/10 = 3/10; ratio = 7:3.
Q3. Amit, Dinesh and Gagan share profits 5:3:2. Dinesh retires; Amit and Gagan decide new ratio 3:2. What is Gagan's gaining ratio?
Answer: C — Gagan's old share = 2/10, new share = 2/5 = 4/10; gaining share = 4/10 − 2/10 = 2/10 = 1/5 of total; but as proportion of Dinesh's share (3/10), Gagan gains 1/10.
Q4. Which of the following is NOT included in the amount due to a retiring partner?
Answer: C — All profits earned in previous years belong to the old partners in their old ratio and are already reflected in accumulated profits; only his proportionate share is due, not the entire past profit.
Q5. A retiring partner's total claim is Rs. 80,000 (capital Rs. 50,000 + current Rs. 10,000 + goodwill Rs. 15,000 + other adjustments Rs. 5,000). If this amount is to be paid in two equal annual instalments with 10% p.a. interest, what is the first instalment amount?
Answer: B — First instalment = 80,000 / 2 = Rs. 40,000; interest on second instalment for 1 year = 40,000 × 10% = Rs. 4,000; first instalment amount = 40,000 + 4,000 = Rs. 44,000.
Q6. In a partnership, Priya, Qureshi and Roma share profits 6:3:1. Roma retires. The new profit sharing ratio of Priya and Qureshi is specified as 2:1. Which is the correct statement?
Answer: A — When new profit sharing ratio is specified, gaining ratio must be calculated as the difference between new share and old share of each continuing partner.
Q7. Which journal entry correctly records the retirement of a partner when goodwill is already in the books and is to be written off?
Answer: B — Goodwill is written off from the continuing partners' capitals in their gaining ratio, so Continuing Partners' Capital A/c is debited and Goodwill A/c is credited.
Q8. In the event of a partner's death, which account is prepared to record all amounts due to the deceased partner's estate and track payments?
Answer: B — An executor's account is a specialized account that records the deceased partner's total claim and all cash/other payments made to the legal representatives or estate.
Q9. Both statements: (I) Sacrificing ratio = new share minus old share, (II) Gaining ratio = new share minus old share. Which is true?
Answer: D — Statement (I) is wrong: sacrificing ratio (on admission) = old share − new share. Statement (II) is correct: gaining ratio (on retirement) = new share − old share.
Q10. HOTS: Raj, Sita and Tara share profits 5:3:2. On Sita's retirement, Raj and Tara decide their new ratio as 3:1. If Sita's goodwill share (valued at Rs. 6,000) is paid by Raj and Tara in gaining ratio, how much goodwill does Tara pay?
Answer: A — Raj's new share = 3/4, old share = 5/10; gaining = 3/4 − 1/2 = 1/4. Tara's new share = 1/4, old share = 2/10 = 1/5; gaining = 1/4 − 1/5 = 1/20. Gaining ratio = 1/4 : 1/20 = 5:1. Tara pays 1/6 of 6,000 = Rs. 1,000. [Alternative: Sita's share (3/10) split as Raj gains 1/4 of 3/10 = 3/40 and Tara gains 1/20 of 3/10 = 3/200 in adjusted calculation; Tara's gain ratio 1:5, so Tara pays 1/6 of 6,000 = Rs. 1,000.] [Verify: Raj gains 5/6, pays 5,000; Tara gains 1/6, pays 1,000.] Answer is Rs. 1,000, closest to option A.
What is the new profit sharing ratio?
The ratio in which remaining partners will share future profits after a partner retires or dies: new share = old share + acquired share from outgoing partner.
Define gaining ratio.
The ratio in which continuing partners acquire the share of the retiring or deceased partner, calculated as new share minus old share of each remaining partner.
When is gaining ratio the same as old ratio among continuing partners?
When continuing partners acquire the retiring/deceased partner's share in their old profit sharing ratio among themselves.
Formula: gaining share of a continuing partner =
New profit share − Old profit share, expressed as a proportion of the total outgoing partner's old share.
What eight items are included in the amount due to retiring/deceased partner?
Capital balance, current account balance, goodwill share, accumulated profits share, revaluation gain, profit share to date, interest on capital to date, and salary/commission to date.
What are the five main deductions from a retiring partner's total claim?
Debit current account balance, goodwill written off, accumulated losses share, revaluation loss share, loss up to date of retirement, drawings, and interest on drawings.
Distinguish: sacrificing ratio versus gaining ratio.
Sacrificing ratio (admission) = old share − new share; gaining ratio (retirement) = new share − old share.
In a retirement, why is revaluation of assets necessary?
To determine the true value of assets/liabilities as of the retirement date so that the retiring partner receives a fair share of any gain or loss.
What is the purpose of an executor's account in case of partner death?
To record all amounts due to the deceased partner's estate and track the mode and timing of payment to the legal representatives.
When should the new profit sharing ratio be explicitly calculated?
When continuing partners do NOT acquire the retiring/deceased partner's share in their old ratio, or when a new specified ratio is agreed upon.
Define gaining ratio and state when it is calculated. [2 marks]
Gaining ratio = new share − old share of each continuing partner; calculate only when new profit sharing ratio is specified and continuing partners do not acquire retiring partner's share in their old ratio.
Priya, Qureshi and Roma are partners sharing profits in ratio 6:3:1. Roma retires and Priya and Qureshi acquire her share in the ratio 2:1. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio and gaining ratio of Priya and Qureshi. [5 marks]
Step 1: Roma's share = 1/10; Priya acquires 2/3 of 1/10 = 2/30; Qureshi acquires 1/3 of 1/10 = 1/30. Step 2: Priya's new share = 6/10 + 2/30 = 20/30; Qureshi's new share = 3/10 + 1/30 = 10/30. Step 3: New ratio = 20:10 = 2:1. Step 4: Gaining ratio = (20/30 − 6/10) : (10/30 − 3/10) = (2/30) : (1/30) = 2:1.
Explain the accounting treatment of goodwill on the retirement of a partner when goodwill is already recorded in the books. How is it written off and which partners' capitals are affected? Provide a journal entry and one illustrative example with figures. [6 marks]
Goodwill written off from continuing partners' capitals in their gaining ratio; journal entry: Continuing Partners' Capital A/c (gaining ratio) Dr / Goodwill A/c Cr. Example: If goodwill = Rs. 10,000 and gaining ratio 2:1, reduce Priya's capital by Rs. 6,666.67 and Qureshi's by Rs. 3,333.33. Rationale: retiring partner is not bearing goodwill loss; only those who gain share should bear the burden.
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